Islam abolishes the one man rule: Islamic history is but full of such deviations

Rule is denied, by way of authority, control, compelling, forcing or governing, in any form. Caliphs, sultans, emirs and other titles have developed in an ad hoc form, all alien to Islamic principles and are but deviations and innovations on Islam.

All Muslims enjoy distribution of power equally among themselves as right and responsibility in conducting their affairs.

Reward and punishment for belief or disbelief, good and bad actions, are restricted to God, whether administered in this life or in the hereafter by the divine will.

Rule in the judicial sector, referring to legal judgement or arbitration, among Muslims is administered by Muslims versed in Islamic Shari‘a (Islamic Law) and the science of Tafsir (exegetic interpreting knowledge) according to Islamic law.

Although Muslims versed in the knowledge of Shari‘a are referred to in order to interpret an Islamic reference, in the Qur'an or the Tradition, they have no power none whatsoever to compel other Muslims.

There is no hierarchical structure in Islam. There is no distinction among Muslims. Distinction among Muslims, or among non-Muslims, is strictly restricted to the domain of God. I

t is according to men's reaction to belief in God and according to their good or bad deeds that distinction is preserved to God. These domains are not to be judged by humans.

The following texts refer to the mode of arbitration and judgement among Muslims:

‘We have sent down to you the Book in truth, that you might judge between men, as guided by God.' 4: 105

‘God commands you (O believers) to render back your trusts to those to whom they are due; and if you judge between men that you judge with justice: verily is the best of teaching which God teaches you, and God sees and hears all things.' 4: 58

Individuals, once they have accepted Islam are obliged to apply Islamic law:

‘A believer, man or woman, has no option in determining their affairs when God and His apostle decide the matter. He who disobeys God and His apostle has gone clearly astray.'  33: 36 

It is clear in this reference that the command administered in the Qur'anic text is to be obeyed.

But the free choice of complying with the command is left entirely to the believer himself.

It is exactly in the same way where the freedom of choice of belief and disbelief are given choice to obey or disobey is also given with reference to the Muslim himself.

Where did institutions of rule come from? The human jungle evolves when men allow others to rule and obey their rule. Muslims are no exception.

They have deserted their belief and ended up such a mess.